Application Layer

Membuat Aplikasi Jaringan Ketika Menulis program 

- Dijalan pada endsystem yang berbeda - Berkomunikasi melalui jaringan 

- Contoh : web server Tidak ada software yang ditulis khusus untuk perangkat jaringan 

- Inti jaringan tidak di handle dalam App Layer 

- Desain ini memudahkan membuat aplikasi GUI



Arsitektur Client-Server Server : 

- Host yang selalu hidup - IP address permanen 

- Banyak Skala Server Clients : - Berkomunikasi dengan server 

- Terhubung sementara - Bisa mempunyai IP dinamis 

- Tidak berkomunikasi langsung dengan klien yang lain 

Contoh :

- HTTP, IMAP, FTP



Arsitektur Peer to Peer Server : 

- Server tidak harus selalu hidup 

- Komunikasi dengan end system bisa kapan saja 

- Kedudukan antar host sederajat dan bisa mengubah alamat IP 

- Contoh : Gnutella, File sharing Highly scalable But difficult to manage


Proses Komunikasi Proses : 

Proses yang dijalankan didalam host 

- Dalam host yang sama, dua proses berkomunikasi menggunakan inter-process communication (didefinisikan oleh OS). 

- Proses dalam host yang berbeda berkomunikasi dengan pertukaran messages.
Client process: proses yang memulai komunikasi S

erver process: proses yang menunggu untuk dihubungi 

Note: aplikasi dengan arsitektur P2P mempunyai proses client dan server 

Definisi protocol layer Aplikasi 

- Jenis pesan yang dipertukarkan, seperti pesan request dan response 

- Jenis syntax pesan : bagian-bagian dalam pesan dan bagaimana bagian itu dipisahkan 

- Semantic bagian, seperti makna informasi dalam field 

- Aturan kapan dan bagaimana proses pengiriman dan menjawab pesan 


Public domain protocols : 

 - Didefinisikan dalam RFC, semua orang mempunyai akses untuk mendefiniskan protocol 

- Allows for interopebality 

- Contoh : HTTP, SMTP Proprietary protocols : 

- Contoh : Skype, Zoom 

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